The Halogens

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The are a family of gases that are found in Group of the periodic table. This is to the right of the table, which means that all the halogens are . When they are gases, the molecules have atoms.

All the halogens have seven outer shell , which means that they only need to gain electron to get a gas structure. Gaining one electron is much easier than losing seven electrons. So the halogens form ions when they react with metals.

If they react with other non-metals, they form bonds. Chlorine reacts with hydrogen to make hydrogen gas. The bond is covalent. Hydrogen chloride reacts with water to form acid. Then the hydrogen and chlorine dissociate into rather than staying as molecules. Because most of the molecules dissociate, hydrochloric acid is a acid with a of 1.

is the most reactive of the gases; is the least reactive. So the trend down the group is for the elements to be reactive.

Chlorine will iodine and from their compounds. Fluorine will displace all the other halogens from their .